loj150(多项式)

题目链接

https://loj.ac/problem/150

题解

多项式大集合,模板里面添加了样例便于 $Debug$




代码

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/**
*         ┏┓    ┏┓
*         ┏┛┗━━━━━━━┛┗━━━┓
*         ┃       ┃  
*         ┃   ━    ┃
*         ┃ >   < ┃
*         ┃       ┃
*         ┃... ⌒ ...  ┃
*         ┃ ┃
*         ┗━┓ ┏━┛
*          ┃ ┃ Code is far away from bug with the animal protecting          
*          ┃ ┃ 神兽保佑,代码无bug
*          ┃ ┃           
*          ┃ ┃       
*          ┃ ┃
*          ┃ ┃           
*          ┃ ┗━━━┓
*          ┃ ┣┓
*          ┃ ┏┛
*          ┗┓┓┏━━━━━━━━┳┓┏┛
*           ┃┫┫ ┃┫┫
*           ┗┻┛ ┗┻┛
*/

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<iostream>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
#include<stack>
#include<cmath>
#include<set>
#include<bitset>
#include<complex>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<assert.h>
#define inc(i,l,r) for(int i=l;i<=r;i++)
#define dec(i,l,r) for(int i=l;i>=r;i--)
#define link(x) for(edge *j=h[x];j;j=j->next)
#define mem(a) memset(a,0,sizeof(a))
#define mid (x+y>>1)
#define ll long long
#define eps 1e-8
#define succ(x) (1<<x)
#define lowbit(x) (x&(-x))
#define sqr(x) ((x)*(x))
#define NM 300005
#define nm 300005
using namespace std;
const double pi=acos(-1);
const ll inf=998244353;
ll read(){
ll x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
while(isdigit(ch))x=x*10+ch-'0',x%=inf,ch=getchar();
return f*x;
}


int n,k;
ll a[NM],b[NM],c[NM],inv[NM],_a[NM],_b[NM],_c[NM];

ll qpow(ll x,ll t){return t?qpow(sqr(x)%inf,t>>1)*(t&1?x:1ll)%inf:1ll;}


struct FFT{
int n,bit,rev[NM];
ll b[NM],invn;
void fft(ll*a,int f){
inc(i,0,n-1)if(i<rev[i])swap(a[i],a[rev[i]]);
for(int k=1;k<n;k<<=1){
ll t=qpow(3,(inf-1)/k/2);if(f==-1)t=qpow(t,inf-2);
for(int i=0;i<n;i+=k<<1){
ll w=1;
for(int j=0;j<k;j++,w=w*t%inf){
ll x=a[i+j],y=w*a[i+j+k]%inf;
a[i+j]=(x+y)%inf;a[i+j+k]=(x-y+inf)%inf;
}
}
}
}
int plu(ll*a,ll*_b,int p,int m){
inc(i,0,m-1)b[i]=_b[i];
for(n=p+m+1,bit=0;succ(bit)<n;bit++);n=succ(bit);
invn=qpow(n,inf-2);inc(i,p,n)a[i]=0;
inc(i,1,n-1)rev[i]=(rev[i>>1]>>1)|((i&1)<<(bit-1));
fft(a,1);fft(b,1);inc(i,0,n-1)a[i]=a[i]*b[i]%inf;
fft(a,-1);inc(i,0,n-1)a[i]=a[i]*invn%inf;
inc(i,0,n-1)b[i]=0;
return m+p;
}
}fft;
/*
testdata
3 4
7741211 4563131 231354345 78784213
4611513 153131531 44132112 431314040 111
output
478854610 284047680 956908296 279654258 728967858 167332085 24933137 759092819
*/


void pinv(ll*b,ll*a,int m){
if(m==1){b[0]=qpow(a[0],inf-2);return;}
pinv(b,a,m+1>>1);
inc(i,0,m-1)_b[i]=b[i];
fft.plu(_b,a,m,m);
inc(i,0,m-1)_b[i]=-_b[i];_b[0]+=2;
fft.plu(b,_b,m,m);
}
/*
testdata
5
1 6 3 4 9
output
1 998244347 33 998244169 1020
*/


ll Sqrt(ll t){
ll a=0,w;
if(qpow(t,inf-1>>1)+1==inf)return -1;
srand(time(0));
do{
a=rand()%inf;
w=(sqr(a)-t+inf)%inf;
}while(qpow(w,inf-1>>1)+1!=inf);
ll ans=1,_ans=0,_x,_y;
for(ll n=inf+1>>1,x=a,y=1;n;n>>=1){
if(n&1){
_x=ans*x%inf+_ans*y%inf*w%inf;
_y=ans*y%inf+_ans*x%inf;
ans=_x%inf;_ans=_y%inf;
}
_x=x*x%inf+y*y%inf*w%inf;
_y=2*x*y%inf;
x=_x%inf;y=_y%inf;
}
return ans;
}
/*
testdata
1154323
inf=998244353
output
570381804 or 427862549
*/


void psqrt(ll*b,ll*a,int m){
if(m==1){b[0]=Sqrt(a[0]);b[0]=min(b[0],inf-b[0]);return;}
psqrt(b,a,m+1>>1);
pinv(_a,b,m);
fft.plu(b,b,m,m);
inc(i,0,m-1)b[i]+=a[i],_a[i]=_a[i]*(inf-inf/2)%inf,b[i]%=inf,_a[i]%=inf;
fft.plu(b,_a,m,m);
}
/*
testdata
7
1 8596489 489489 4894 1564 489 35789489
output
1 503420421 924499237 13354513 217017417 707895465 411020414
*/


void pln(ll*b,ll*a,int m){
assert(a[0]==1);
pinv(b,a,m);
inc(i,0,m-2)_a[i]=a[i+1]*(i+1)%inf;
fft.plu(b,_a,m,m-1);
dec(i,m-1,1)b[i]=b[i-1]*inv[i]%inf;b[0]=0;
}
/*
testdata
6
1 927384623 878326372 3882 273455637 998233543
output
0 927384623 817976920 427326948 149643566 610586717
*/


void pexp(ll*b,ll*a,int m){
if(m==1){assert(a[0]==0);b[0]=1;return;}
pexp(b,a,m+1>>1);
pln(_c,b,m);
inc(i,0,m-1)_c[i]=a[i]-_c[i];_c[0]++;
fft.plu(b,_c,m,m);
}
/*
testdata
6
0 927384623 817976920 427326948 149643566 610586717
output
1 927384623 878326372 3882 273455637 998233543
*/


void test(){
n=read();inc(i,0,n-1)a[i]=read();
inv[1]=1;inc(i,2,n)inv[i]=inv[inf%i]*(inf-inf/i)%inf;
pexp(b,a,n);
inc(i,0,n-1)printf("%lld%c",b[i]," \n"[i==n-1]);
exit(0);
}

int main(){
//test();
n=read()+1;k=read();
inv[1]=1;inc(i,2,n)inv[i]=inv[inf%i]*(inf-inf/i)%inf;
inc(i,0,n-1)a[i]=read();
psqrt(b,a,n);
pinv(c,b,n);
dec(i,n,1)c[i]=c[i-1]*inv[i]%inf;c[0]=0;
pexp(b,c,n+1);
inc(i,1,n)b[i]=(a[i]-b[i]+inf)%inf;
b[0]=(2-b[0]+inf)%inf;
pln(c,b,n+1);
c[0]++;
pln(b,c,n+1);
inc(i,0,n)b[i]=b[i]*k%inf;
pexp(c,b,n+1);
inc(i,0,n-1)c[i]=c[i+1]*(i+1)%inf;
inc(i,0,n-2)printf("%lld%c",c[i]," \n"[i==n-2]);
return 0;
}